Voiding, or the process of passing urine, is typically triggered by the body’s filling of the bladder and the stretch of the bladder wall. This occurs when the walls and muscles of the bladder react to the rise in pressure within the organ caused by increased amounts of urine.
The brain sends signals to the bladder informing it that the bladder needs to contract so that urine can be released. The stretch of the bladder triggers the sphincter muscles to relax and for urine to pass into the urethra.
Additionally, complex neural pathways can also contribute to the triggering of voiding, as both conscious and non-conscious factors lead to the relaxation of the sphincter muscles and the release of urine.
What stimulates voiding of the urine?
The process of voiding urine, or urination, is the process of releasing urine from the bladder out of the body. This process is regulated and stimulated by the central nervous system. The process starts with impulses from the brain that tell the bladder muscles to contract and the sphincter muscles to relax.
This occurs due to the decrease of antidiuretic hormone, which is released by the hypothalamus in the brain. The contraction of the bladder and the relaxation of the sphincter muscles allow urine to flow out of the bladder and the body via the urethra.
Other factors that can stimulate voiding of the urine include increasing of abdominal pressure due to coughing or a full bladder, as well as having a full bladder and the sensation of needing to go to the bathroom.
What regulates urine voiding?
Urine voiding is largely regulated by the autonomic nervous system, specifically by the parasympathetic and sympathetic bladder innervation. The parasympathetic nervous system causes smooth muscle relaxation and bladder wall distention, leading to the storage of urine.
The sympathetic nervous system leads to bladder wall contraction and relaxation of the internal sphincter, causing urine release. Both the parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves release neurotransmitters to regulate the bladder and its filling and voiding.
The primary neurotransmitter released by the parasympathetic nerve is acetylcholine which leads to smooth muscle relaxation, while the neurotransmitter released by the sympathetic nerve is norepinephrine, which triggers bladder wall contraction and urethral sphincter relaxation.
Other hormones, such as antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and oxytocin, also affect the process of micturition. ADH, which is primarily released from the hypothalamus, acts on the renal distal convoluted tubules causing them to reabsorb more water.
This results in urine that is more concentrated than normal. The hormone oxytocin released from the posterior pituitary gland causes contraction of the detrusor muscle and contraction of the internal urethral sphincter leading to urine release.
Together these hormones and autonomic neurons act to regulate the production, storage and release of urine.
What is the primary signal that initiates voiding of the bladder?
The primary signal that initiates voiding of the bladder is a reflex known as the “micturition reflex.” This reflex is initiated by stretch receptors located in the bladder wall. As the bladder fills with urine, the receptors sense this stretching and send neural signals to the brain which then produces a sensation of urinary urgency.
Messages then travel from the brain to the spinal cord and bladder, producing relaxation of the sphincter and contraction of the bladder muscle, resulting in the voiding of the bladder. Thus, the primary signal that initiates voiding of the bladder is the stretch of the bladder wall caused by the accumulation of urine, which is detected by the stretch receptors and is communicated to the brain via neural signals.
Where does stimulation of voiding of urine occur in bladder?
The stimulation of voiding of urine in the bladder occurs within the detrusor muscle, which is the main muscle responsible for bladder contraction and emptying. When the detrusor muscle contracts, increased pressure is produced within the bladder, causing urine to pass through the urethra and out of the body.
This is known as micturition or voiding. Various cortical and spinal centers in the brain and spinal cord integrate sensory information and efferent nerve signals to control appropriate detrusor contraction and relaxation.
These centers are activated both consciously and subconsciously to control micturation.
How does the mechanism for voiding urine start quizlet?
The mechanism for voiding urine starts with a signal from the brain, which activates the parasympathetic nervous system. This system sends signals to the bladder to contract and squeeze out urine. Then, the urethra relaxes to allow for the release of the urine.
The internal sphincter also relaxes to allow for the release of the urine. As the bladder contracts and compresses the urine, the pressure in the bladder builds, allowing the urine to travel up and out of the body through the urethra.
The amount of urine expelled is controlled by the external sphincter, which is a set of muscles that can be voluntarily tensed or released to control the flow of urine. When the external sphincter is released, the urine is allowed to pass through.
Once all of the urine has been expelled, the bladder and external sphincter are returned to their resting state, thereby preventing any additional urine from leaving the body.
What is voiding by reflex only?
Voiding by reflex only (also known as reflex voiding) is a type of voiding pattern that is seen in people with neurological bladder conditions. It is a condition where the body triggers spontaneous or reflex voiding of the bladder without any conscious activity.
This occurs when the autonomic nervous system activates the pelvic floor muscles and triggers the bladder to empty. This pattern of voiding is different from volitional voiding, which is when a person consciously contracts their pelvic floor to empty their bladder.
Reflex voiding can be a symptom of several conditions such as Multiple Sclerosis, Spinal Cord Injuries, Cerebral Palsy, and other neurological conditions. It can also result from pelvic nerve damage after childbirth, trauma, or pelvic surgery.
People with reflex voiding may experience intermittent urinary incontinence, urgency and frequency of voiding, loss of sensation during voiding, and even total incontinence, because their bodies involuntarily activate the bladder without warning or control.
Treatment for this type of voiding pattern can vary depending on the underlying cause. Common treatments may include medications and pelvic floor physical therapy. Medications that may be prescribed to help relax the bladder or decrease bladder contractions.
Pelvic floor physical therapy can help strengthen the pelvic floor muscles, which can help improve the symptoms of bladder control and voiding reflex. Additionally, lifestyle changes to help reduce the urgency, such as coaching and biofeedback, can be helpful.
What stimulus triggers the micturition voiding reflex?
The micturition voiding reflex is a physiological process that is triggered by the presence of a full bladder. This reflex is initiated by stretch receptors in the bladder walls when it is full and the feeling of bladder fullness signals the brain to initiate the reflex.
When the brain receives the signal, it sends an impulse down the spinal cord to the bladder muscles, causing them to contract, thus pushing urine out of the bladder and into the urethra. As the bladder empties, the pressure inside of it is relieved and the muscles relax, ending the reflexive voiding.
Other triggers that can cause the reflex arc to initiate this response include emotions, touch, and sound. However, the primary and most reliable stimulus is the presence of a full bladder.
Is stimulation of micturition sympathetic or parasympathetic?
Micturition, or the process of urination, is stimulated by the parasympathetic nervous system. This is because the parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for initiating the relaxation and contraction of muscles, which is necessary for the production and release of urine.
The parasympathetic nervous system is also responsible for stimulating the contraction of smooth muscle in the bladder, which also contributes to the process of micturition. In contrast, the sympathetic nervous system suppresses the parasympathetic nervous system and inhibits the contraction of smooth muscle in the bladder, which prevents the involuntary release of urine.
What hormone stimulates urine output?
The hormone that stimulates urine output is called vasopressin, or antidiuretic hormone (ADH). It is released from the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland which is located in the brain. Vasopressin is responsible for controlling the amount of water reabsorbed by the kidneys.
When ADH is released, the kidneys retain more water, resulting in a decrease in urine output. When it is not released, the kidneys reabsorb less water, resulting in an increase in urine output. Vasopressin also helps regulate the osmolarity of the blood plasma.
Osmolarity is the concentration of particles in a solution, like the concentration of salt in the body, and it helps control the amount of water in the body. When the osmolarity of the blood plasma is high, ADH is released, which then causes the kidneys to retain more water, thus decreasing urine output.
Conversely, when the osmolarity of the blood plasma is low, ADH is not released, and the kidneys reabsorb less water, resulting in an increase in urine output.
What is the difference between sympathetic and parasympathetic micturition?
Sympathetic micturition is the reflex contraction of the bladder during urination. This reflex is activated when nerves signal between the bladder and the sympathetic nervous system, which causes the bladder to contract and expel urine from the body.
Parasympathetic micturition is the conscious act of urination. The parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for sending nerve impulses that produce a relaxation of the muscles in the bladder and the opening of the urethra, allowing for the initiation, maintenance, and completion of urination.
The main difference between sympathetic and parasympathetic micturition is that sympathetic micturition is an involuntary reflex, while parasympathetic miction is a voluntary act that one can control.
Additionally, parasympathetic micturition tends to occur more gradually than sympathetic micturition, which usually produces higher pressure and force when expulsion of urine.
Does sympathetic nervous system promote micturition?
Yes, the sympathetic nervous system promotes micturition. Micturition, more commonly known as urination, is the process of expelling urine from the body. The sympathetic nervous system plays an important role in the process of micturition.
Through the release of certain hormones and neurotransmitters, the sympathetic nervous system can relax the muscles of the bladder, allowing urine to be released. It can also constrict certain vessels, leading to a decrease in urine production.
This combined action of the sympathetic nervous system helps to regulate the flow of urine, allowing for proper micturition.
Does parasympathetic stimulate urination?
Yes, parasympathetic stimulation does play a role in urination. The parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) is one of the two branches of the autonomic nervous system, the system responsible for controlling involuntary bodily functions, such as digestion, heart rate, and blood pressure.
Among its many other duties, it also controls the contraction and relaxation of the urinary bladder muscles, which is the main mechanism for the storage and release of urine. Thus, the parasympathetic nervous system is essential for normal urinary function and urination.
Studies have shown that stimulation of the PNS can cause bladder contraction, thus facilitating urination, while inhibition of the parasympathetic system can cause bladder relaxation and inhibit urination.
Therefore, parasympathetic stimulation can play a role in urination and other urinary functions.
What causes the body to produce urine?
The body produces urine as a result of waste products and excess fluids being filtered out of the bloodstream by the kidneys and excreted. While most of the nutrients that are absorbed are reabsorbed back into the bloodstream by the kidneys, waste products, toxins, and excess water and electrolytes must be removed from the body.
Urine is primarily composed of the waste product urea, as well as other waste products such as uric acid and creatinine. Additionally, urine is composed of water and electrolytes, such as sodium and potassium, which the body is no longer able to use and must expel.
The concentration of these components determines the color, odor, and composition of urine. Some medical conditions can cause an increase or decrease in the production of urine, as well as changes in color and odor.
Urine is excreted from the body through the urethra in a controlled manner, with the process being regulated by hormones in the body, such as aldosterone.
How can I make my body produce more urine?
Increasing your fluid intake is one of the easiest ways to increase your body’s production of urine. Make sure to drink plenty of water throughout the day, as well as other hydrating beverages such as vegetable or fruit juices and herbal teas.
Consuming more salty foods, such as pretzels, olives, and pickles, can also make your body produce more urine. Additionally, certain medications, such as diuretics, mimic the effect of your body’s hormones, which can reduce how much fluid the kidneys extract into the bloodstream, resulting in the production of more urine.
Finally, foods high in fiber and sugar can also cause water retention, leading to the production of more urine.