Cucumbers don’t need pollination in order to produce fruit, as they are parthenocarpic – meaning that they are able to reproduce without fertilization (as a result of pollination). While cucumbers are in the Cucurbitaceae family (along with squash and melons), which typically require pollination, cucumber plants have the unique ability to form fruit without the assistance of pollination from bees, other insects, or even the wind.
The parthenocarpic feature of cucumbers does provide a few benefits for growers, as there is no need for bees for pollination and no risk of accidental cross-pollinating with other plants. As well, parthenocarpy allows cucumbers to produce fruit under light levels in greenhouses that are too low for pollination.
Ultimately, cucumbers do not need pollination to produce edible fruit, making them an unique and excellent choice for growers and consumers alike.
Which cucumber varieties have only female flowers?
Cucumbers with only female flowers are commonly referred to as Parthenocarpic varieties. Some varieties of Parthenocarpic cucumbers include Burpee Hybrid Hybrid, Dasher II Hybrid, Diva Hybrid, Marketmore 76, Sweet Success Hybrid, and Sweet Slice Hybrid.
These varieties do not require bees or other pollinators, making them great for gardeners without access to pollinators. Furthermore, Parthenocarpic cucumbers are self-pollinating, meaning the plant does not even need another cucumber plant for pollination in order for fruits to develop.
Their all-female flowers also reduce instances of cross-pollination which can lead to misshapen, bitter-tasting fruits.