An example of Ottonian architecture would be the Benedictine Abbey Cathedral of Reichenau-Mittelzell, commonly referred to as the Reichenau Abbey. Dating back to the 10th century, this is one of the finest examples of late medieval Ottonian architecture.
The abbey was completed in 1020 and is located in Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany. The cathedral is characterized by its simple and elegant design combined with stylistic elements from both Carolingian and Ottonian influences.
The exterior features a three-aisled basilica with a central tower and five pathways leading to the main entrance. On the interior, visitors can enjoy the beautiful frescoes, wall paintings and sculptures including some from Byzantine art.
Additionally, the tympanum that adorns the west wall of the church is a great example of art from this era. The Abbey Church of Reichenau is now a UNESCO World Heritage site, and an important reminder of the architectural style of the Ottonian Dynasty.
What is Viking architecture called?
Viking architecture is a specific style of architecture that refers to the designs, plans, and constructions during the Viking Age which began with the first Viking raid in 793 AD. This particular style is characterized by wooden buildings constructed using a combination of timber framing and log building techniques.
This style of architecture had a strong influence on Northern Europe, specifically Scandinavia and beyond, as the Vikings traveled extensively during their raids and through trading and expansion.
Viking architecture typically features distinctive sail-like roofs, square corners, and single entry points with an emphasis on internal access and storage space while keeping external indicators of wealth, like elaborate decorations and items, minimal.
Viking houses and public gathering spaces generally had large open hearths for cooking and warmth, and thick thatched roofs or wooden shingles. Viking buildings often contain carvings and paintings, including images of pagan gods and religious symbols, although no Viking rune inscriptions were found in the majority of buildings.
This type of architecture is often referred to as Norse or Scandinavian architecture and bears the hallmarks of a style that was crafted to withstand the extreme weather conditions of Northern Europe and the practical needs of a seafaring culture.
What is wattle and daub quizlet?
Wattle and daub is a traditional building technique used in various parts of the world to construct walls. It involves interweaving thin branches (the wattle) and stitching it to a wooden framework, which is then plastered with a mixture of clay, sand, straw, and manure (the daub).
This type of construction has been used widely throughout history, with wattle and daub being used in the Middle Ages for constructing castles, churches, and homes. Once completed, walls produced through wattle and daub are both waterproof and fire-resistant.
The technique is still widely used today, especially in low cost housing, as it is a cheap and effective alternative to other building methods.
What is the purpose of an arcade?
The primary purpose of an arcade is to provide entertainment for people of all ages. An arcade typically consists of numerous video game machines as well as other activities such as air hockey, skee ball, race and sports games, pinball machines, claw machines, and even some redemption games that give out tickets to trade for prizes.
It can also involve other activities such as food, drinks, and arcades themed around iconic characters or games. The goal is to provide a fun and interactive leisure activity that can be enjoyed by people of all ages.
Arcades are designed to be destinations of fun, entertainment, and relaxation, allowing visitors to enjoy some time away from the hustle and bustle of everyday life. They bring people together to enjoy different kinds of gaming experiences and, in some cases, to become a part of a larger gaming community.
Arcades are also great for socializing and spending time with friends, which is why they are often located in malls, entertainment districts, and large shopping centers.
Why is it called arcade?
The word “arcade” comes from the French word “arcade,” which refers to a covered passageway, like an archway or a colonnade. This is likely because the first coin-operated amusement machines in the late 1800s were often installed in arcades and other indoor public spaces.
The arcade experience was further elevated when the first video game arcades were opened in the 1970s, offering a place for people to go and play coin-operated video games. During this time, it became the accepted name for these types of establishments.
Today, the term arcade is used to refer to any type of video game or entertainment center, usually with a focus on coin-operated or digital games.
What did a typical Viking house look like?
A typical Viking house was called a ‘longhouse’. These rectangular dwellings had walls made of wood, wattle and daub, or stone, and roofs of thatch or turf. Most longhouses needed to be able to fit into tight spaces, since the Vikings often lived close together.
The roof was typically pitched and could be steeply sloped or low and flat, depending on the region. In addition to a main living space, most houses had a small enclosed porch as well as a separate sleeping area for the family.
The floors were usually made of boards and the walls were sometimes decorated with carvings of animals, humans and other designs. To provide light and ventilation, there were sometimes smoke-holes in the roof and at least one doorway with a threshold and a shuttered window.
Inside the Viking longhouse, there would usually be a hearth for cooking and a platform to host gatherings. Beds were generally built over the floor, constructed with a frame and filled with straw, feathers and animal hair.
Furniture was sparse, with only a few stools, benches, chests and and tables made of wood. Lastly, in more rural and wealthier areas, tools, weapons and other objects of domestic life would also be stored in the longhouse.
What did Vikings use to build their houses?
Vikings used a variety of materials to build their houses. In the early years, they used wood such as oak and pine to construct shelters and huts. The walls were made from overlapping planks of wood, creating a strong, waterproof structure.
They also used mud to fill in any stretch between the planks and increase insulation. As the Vikings evolved and began to settle in more areas, stones and rocks were often used to build larger homes and halls.
Most of the walls and foundations were made from unmortared stones and rocks, making them easy to build. The rooftops were usually thatched roofs with a layer of turf, straw, and reeds for waterproofing and extra insulation.
Windows were nearly nonexistent in Viking dwellings, as most were designed with a single opening or door in the front. With advances in technology, Vikings eventually began to use clay and mud bricks to build more advanced structures.
Overall, the use of wood and stone along with other natural resources and materials enabled the Vikings to build resilient, efficient homes that would last for centuries.
How many rooms did most Viking houses have?
Most Viking houses that have been discovered and studied had three common rooms – the Vestibule, the Hall, and the Bedchamber. The Vestibule, or the ‘foyer’ room, was the first room visitors encountered upon entering the house.
It was typically a small room and had relatively few furnishings, used mainly for storing cloaks, tools, and other everyday items. The Hall was the central, social space of the Viking house; it was large and comfortable with an open hearth used for both cooking and heating.
The Hall was where the head of the household and other members of the family would dine, entertain guests, hold meetings, and gather around the fire. The Bedchamber was a much smaller room situated toward the back of the house.
It was typically used as a sleeping space by the head of the household, their family, and any other guests who stayed the night.
Did Viking houses have rooms?
Yes, Viking houses did have rooms, just like most other houses of the time period. The interior of Viking houses were divided into two or three main rooms. The one at the back of the house was typically the largest, as it was used for storage or as living quarters by the family.
This large space was divided by a partition wall and often had a small hearth in it. In some cases, a large room could be divided into smaller rooms by adding partitions, curtains, or boards.
The middle room of a Viking house was used as the place where most of the family activities and work took place, typically including making meals and eating, as well as crafting and spinnery work. This room often had a large open fireplace with a smoke-hole in the roof above it, providing both light and heat during the long winter months.
The front room of the house was usually the smallest, and some believe it acted as a type of entryway as it was likely the first space guests encountered. This room was usually used for storing tools, baskets, tools, and sometimes foodstuff, although it was not intended to be lived in.
Overall, Viking houses were quite comfortable and homely, often having beds, chairs, benches, and tables. With their cleverly designed rooms and central heating, Vikings were well equipped for their way of life.
How tall was the average Viking?
The average height of a Viking during the Viking Age (the period from the late 8th to mid-11th century) is not known for certain. Estimates for average heights for adult male Viking vary from about 5’7″ to 6’0″.
Average heights for adult female Vikings have been estimated at 5’2″ to 5’6″. However, these estimates are averages and there was likely some variation among individuals.
What was a Viking village like?
A Viking village was a small, self-sufficient community that was typical of the Scandinavian Viking culture in Europe during the Viking Age (from roughly 800 AD to 1050 AD). Most such villages had a population of between 80 and 150 people and were centered around the family longhouse.
The longhouse served both as the home and public gathering place for the villagers and was where most of the activities of daily life would take place. The longhouse was usually a large, rectangular building with an open fireplace in the middle and benches around the walls for sleeping.
The family would also keep their pet animals in the longhouse.
The whole village would be a self-sufficient community, growing its own crops, fishing and hunting local wildlife, and trading and bartering with other Viking villages and communities. The village was typically led and governed by a Chieftain and the Viking men would take part in raids and wars to protect their village and expand their realm.
The Viking women would typically be in charge of domestic duties such as farming, weaving, spinning, cooking and caring for the younger children.
Viking villages were often highly hierarchical, with the Chieftain having the most power and influence and the lower-ranked villagers being subject to the demands of the Chieftain. There were divisions of class between the villagers, with farmers, weavers and other craftspeople having slightly different levels of power, influence and wealth than warriors.
The Vikings were typically a pagan culture, worshipping several gods and goddesses, like Odin and Freya, and the village was usually centered around a shrine honoring the gods.
Overall, the Viking village was a self-sufficient community with its own set of societal norms and traditions. The longhouse was the central communal building from which all other aspects of life came, such as eating and sleeping, gathering, and conducting business.
Even with its hierarchical structure, the village was an important aspect of the Viking society and culture.
What were Viking halls called?
Viking halls were often large communal buildings used for feasting, holding court proceedings and entertaining guests. The most spectacular Viking halls were beautifully decorated and would have been large enough to hold a large number of people.
The largest and most important halls were called ‘mead hall’ or ‘feast hall’ where the king and his followers would have gathered. The hall had a similar layout regardless of location, with a central fire and benches running along either side of the hall for guests.
At the opposite end of the hall to the entrance would be a raised platform for the king and his courtiers to sit upon. The hall was often packed full of treasures and decorations, and would have been elaborately adorned with hastily paintings on the walls in vivid colours.
Other items found in the hall included tapestries, chests, shields, swords and trophies. Although entry to mead halls was restricted to the nobles and their warriors, during those times mead halls were the social centres of their communities, where people would gather to eat, drink, listen to pipe music and talk.